SNRIs – serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors – are a class of drugs which have received FDA approval for the treatment of depression, GAD (generalized anxiety disorder), and fibromyalgia. SNRI drugs work by maintaining the level of certain chemical messengers in the brain. SNRIs are among the most widely prescribed antidepressants.
SNRIs (Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
SNRIs were developed to treat depression more effectively than SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), although this has not been conclusively demonstrated in scientific studies.
Individual responses to antidepressants vary, with some people benefiting more from one type of medication. Some research suggests that SNRIs can be as effective as tricyclic antidepressants but with significantly fewer side effects.
SNRIs can alleviate depression by influencing neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that streamline communication between brain cells. Like most types of antidepressants, SNRIs achieve their effects by triggering alterations in brain chemistry and the communication within brain nerve cell networks which govern mood regulation.
SNRI antidepressants have a mechanism of action which blocks the reabsorption of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. This ensures that these neurotransmitters remain more active, leading to improvements in mood and a reduction in depressive symptoms.
Differences Between SNRI vs. SSRI
SNRIs and SSRIs are antidepressant medications with different mechanisms of action used to treat the same conditions.
SSRIs focus on preventing the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain, increasing concentrations of this neurotransmitter in the brain. SNRIs boost levels of serotonin, too, as well as levels of norepinephrine. These unique mechanisms of action can trigger slightly different side effects.
SNRI Side Effects
SNRIs are associated with mild side effects that tend to dissipate within the first few weeks of treatment. Some people may experience no side effects at all. The most common side effects of SNRIs include:
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Dry mouth
- Headaches
- Sweating
Less common side effects may include:
- Constipation
- Fatigue
- Insomnia
- Decreased sex drive
- Appetite loss
If one SNRI triggers unmanageable side effects, another might be more tolerable due to differences in chemical composition.
In most cases, the advantages of using antidepressants significantly outweigh the drawbacks. Consult your healthcare provider for targeted advice on the side effects associated with specific SNRIs.
SNRI Withdrawal
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome may occur when someone abruptly discontinues use of an SNRI after using the medication for six weeks or more. The symptoms most commonly associated with SNRI withdrawal include:
- Flu-like symptoms
- Nausea
- Insomnia
- Dizziness
- Lightheadedness
- Sensory disturbances
- Irritability
- Agitation
- Anxiety
Although the symptoms of SNRI withdrawal are not generally severe, they can nevertheless be distressing and aggravating. It is inadvisable to abruptly stop using this class of medication, even if you feel that your symptoms have subsided. The safest method of discontinuing use involves a gradual and tapered reduction in dosage under close medical supervision.
Antidepressant discontinuation is not like withdrawal from addictive substances like alcohol or opioids, and it does not involve cravings to use the medication – antidepressants do not cause physical dependence. Read on to discover how to connect with compassionate and evidence-based mental health treatment if you need help recalibrating your life.
FAQs
What is an SNRI?
AN SNRI is a class of medications mainly used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. These medications work by increasing levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. Serotonin and norepinephrine play an important part in mood regulation.
What does SNRI stand for?
SNRI stands for serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. This refers to the medication’s mechanism of action in preventing the reabsorption of both neurotransmitters, enhancing their effects on mood and emotional well-being.
Is Wellbutrin an SNRI?
No, Wellbutrin is not an SNRI. It is classified as an NDRI (norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor). The medication does not impact serotonin levels.
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